A detailed mechanism of reaction has been proposed based on crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis data obtained for murine adenosine deaminase. The kinetic studies based on solvent isotope effects and measurements with halogen substituents […]
Since Ed Hall and colleagues first discovered that female gerbils were relatively protected from global cerebral ischemia, compared with their male counterparts, in the early 1990s (Hall et al., 1991), gender differences […]
Morphogenesis and cell polarity Changes in the morphology and polarity of cells are clearly essential for tumor progression and metastasis. In two-dimensional (2D) culture, it has been observed that oncogenic […]
Ras has been described to promote proliferation, suppress apoptosis, alter cell metabolism, disrupt morphogenesis, promote evasion of the immune system, induce remodeling of the microenvironment and stimulate metastasis. These functions are […]
The chemotherapy of cancer strongly depends on the nature of the individual tumor under consideration. For instance, tumors located in hormone dependent organs such as the ovaries, breasts, etc. are treated with […]
γ-Secretase is a multi-subunit protein complex that is composed of at least four proteins-Presenilin (PS), Nicastrin (Net), Presenilin-enhancer 2 (Pen2) and Anteriorpharyx defective (Aph). These four subunits form an active γ-Secretase complex in the […]
In cells, it has been shown that Syk becomes active after binding to the phosphorylated ITAMs located on the BCR. Syk binds the two ITAM phosphotyrosines through its tandem SH2 domains. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange […]
The two branches of the immune system, innate and adaptive, work together within an intricate network in order to respond to infectious threats while not destroying healthy self-tissue. As previously discussed, the […]
The clinical symptoms and signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) result from abnormalities associated with neuronal dysfunction and cell death in specific brain regions which are important in memory and cognitive functions. Damaged circuits include […]
The disparity in clinical outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) illustrates the heterogeneity of this disease. Overall survival (OS) in AML is impacted by many clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular factors. Although […]