Common and divergent features of galactose-1-phosphate and fructose-1-phosphate toxicity in yeast

Common and divergent features of galactose-1-phosphate and fructose-1-phosphate toxicity in yeast

Gibney, P. A., Schieler, A., Chen, J. C., Bacha-Hummel, J. M., Botstein, M., Volpe, M., & Botstein, D.

Molecular biology of the cell 29.8 (2018): 897-910.

Toxicity resulting from accumulation of sugar-phosphate molecules is an evolutionarily conserved phenomenon, observed in multiple bacterial and eukaryotic systems, including a number of human diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in sugar-phosphate toxicity remain unclear. Using the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we developed two systems to accumulate human disease-associated sugar-phosphate species. One system utilizes constitutive expression of galactose permease and galactose kinase to accumulate galactose-1-phosphate, while the other system utilizes constitutive expression of a mammalian ketohexokinase gene to accumulate fructose-1-phosphate. These systems advantageously dissociate sugar-phosphate toxicity from metabolic demand for downstream enzymatic products. Using them, we characterized the pathophysiological effects of sugar-phosphate accumulation, in addition to identifying a number of genetic suppressors that repair sugar-phosphate toxicity. By comparing the effects of different sugar-phosphates, and examining the specificity of genetic suppressors, we observed a number of striking similarities and significant differences. These results suggest that sugar-phosphates exert toxic effects, at least in part, through isomer-specific mechanisms rather than through a single general mechanism common to accumulation of any sugar-phosphate.

Common-and-divergent-features-of-galactose-1-phosphate-and-fructose-1-phosphate-toxicity-in-yeast